Essential oil composition, antimicrobial and pharmacological activities of Lippia sidoides cham. (verbenaceae) from São Gonçalo do Abaeté, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Sandra Ribeiro de Morais; Thiago Levi Silva Oliveira; Lanussy Porfiro de Oliveira; Leonice Manrique Faustino Tresvenzol; Edemilson Cardoso da Conceição; Maria Helena Rezende; Tatiana de Sousa Fiuza; Elson Alves Costa; Pedro Henrique Ferri; Jose Realino de Paula

Articles

Abstract

Pharmacognosy Magazine,2016,12,48,262-270.

DOI:10.4103/0973-1296.192197

Published:October 2016

Type:Original Article

Authors:

Author(s) affiliations:

Sandra Ribeiro de Morais¹, Thiago Levi Silva Oliveira¹, Lanussy Porfiro de Oliveira², Leonice Manrique Faustino Tresvenzol³, Edemilson Cardoso da Conceição³, Maria Helena Rezende⁴, Tatiana de Sousa Fiuza⁴, Elson Alves Costa², Pedro Henrique Ferri⁵, José Realino de Paula³
¹ Research Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás; Institute of Health Sciences, Paulista University, Campus Flamboyant, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
² Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
³ Research Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
⁴ Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
⁵ Institute of Chemistry, Molecular Bioactivity Laboratory, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil

Abstract:

Background: Lippia sidoides (Verbenaceae) is used in Brazilian folk medicine as an antiseptic, and it is usually applied topically on skin, mucous membranes, mouth, and throat, or used for vaginal washings. Objectives: To analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil from L. sidoides collected in São Gonçalo do Abaeté, Minas Gerais and grown in Hidrolândia, Goiás; to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil, crude ethanol extract, and hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl-acetate, and aqueous fractions (AFs); to study the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and central nervous system activities of the crude ethanol extract. Materials and methods: The essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by GC/MS. The antimicrobial activity in vitro was performed by broth microdilution method. The pharmacological tests were performed using female Swiss albino mice. Results: The major components of the essential oil were isoborneol (14.66%), bornyl acetate (11.86%), α -humulene (11.23%), α -fenchene (9.32%), and 1.8-cineole (7.05%), supporting the existence of two chemotypes of this species. The hexane fraction (HF) had good antifungal activity against Cryptococcus sp. ATCC D (MIC = 31.25 μg/mL) and Cryptococcus gatti L48 (MIC = 62.5 μg/mL). In the pharmacological tests, the crude ethanol extract presented antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Conclusion: Given that the ethanol extract of L. sidoides is included in the Formulary of Phytotherapeutic Agents of the Brazilian Pharmacopeia as an anti-inflammatory for oral cavities, the present work provides scientific evidence to back this use and highlight the importance of selecting the appropriate chemotype on the basis of the expected biological response.