Figure 2: Effects of QA on SCC-4 cells: Cell damage induced by QA (40 μM) and QA + cisplatin (20 + 10 μM) compared with untreated cells and ST-treated cells. Apoptotic cells appear with condensed and fragmented nuclei in QA and QA + cisplatin at 48 h. SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma; QA: Quinic acid