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Figure 5: Effects of PN extract on cell migration of breast cancer cells (a-c). Cells were treated with 0–5 µg/mL for 72 h and examined the wound healing assay. Cells were treated with 0–100 µg/mL for 24 h and examined the Transwell chamber assay. Cells were treated with 0–100 µg/mL for 48 h and examined the gelatin zymography for detecting MMP 9 level. Data represent mean ± standard error of the mean of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05 versus control. PN: Piper nigrum |
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